Incoterms®
Incoterms® (International Commercial Terms) define the delivery conditions in sales contracts and are updated every ten years to reflect changes in international trade.
They determine the buyer’s and seller’s obligations, cost allocation, and the transfer of risk.
Incoterms® affect the customs value of goods,
influencing transport costs,
insurance, and other related charges.
Consisting of a 3-letter acronym, Incoterms® are inseparable from a location (address, city, etc.).
which generally designates the place where the goods are deemed to have been delivered by the seller, i.e. the
the point at which risk is transferred to the buyer (Incoterms® E and F).
In some cases, the place following the Incoterm® designates the destination of the goods, to which the seller
must organize transport, and thus the point at which costs are shared between seller and buyer
(Incoterms® C and D).
In terms of valuation, the designated place is essential in that it identifies the point of distribution.
costs above which transport costs must be borne by the buyer, and therefore taken into account
as part of the customs valuation process.
In principle, unless otherwise stipulated in the contract, the seller bears the cost of transport to the point of delivery, while the buyer bears the cost from the time of delivery.
Incoterms® 2020 reform
Coming into force on January 1, 2020, the new version, like its predecessor, comprises 11 Incoterms®,
always classified into two groups according to the mode of transport.
Multimodal Incoterms®
These can be used for transport that involves multiple modes
such as containerized shipments.
Common examples include
but the risk transfers to the buyer once the goods are handed over to the carrier.
English 
French 
